The reasons for low level development of large blast furnace in past decades were analyzed. It introduces the production, raw materials and operation indexes of large blast furnaces from 2011 to 2014.
Historically, the Amanda Blast Furnace burden was 30% fluxed sinter and 70% acid pellet. It was anticipated that the change to pellet burden would require changes in charging practice and alter furnace performance. The paper gives a general furnace description and then describes the burden characteristics, operating practice …
The performance of the blast furnace is strongly influenced by the position and thickness of the cohesive zone, which is largely governed by the high-temperature properties of the iron-bearing ...
The study also showed that results obtained for a mixed burden of 80% sinter and 20% lump ore - a ratio used in many blast furnaces - are not different to results obtained from tests using only ...
A blast furnace (BF) is the dominant process for making iron in the world. ... Herein, the reducibility of the iron ore pellet, sinter, and lump ore in the BF shaft are focused on. The experiments are conducted isothermally with a blast furnace simulator (BFS) high-temperature furnace at four different temperatures (700, 800, 900, and 1000 …
Sinter is derived from material formed in the bottom of the blast furnace, composed of oily scale, blast furnace sludge, and coke breeze, along with tarry material and oil absorbed from the sump in which the …
The sinter of high basicity would interact with lump ores or acid pellets in the cohesive zone of blast furnace due to the difference of chemical composition and micro structures. The results of this work showed that the softening-melting properties of lump ores and acid pellet would be obviously improved by the high temperature interaction. …
At low driving rates, the lowest coke rates were obtained with burdens composed of fluxed sinter. At higher driving rates, however, good pellet burdens gave the better coke rate and the higher productivity. Nevertheless, the tests run with a sinter burden at high driving rate should be repeated, as the sinter contained a …
During a campaign in the LKAB Experimental Blast Furnace, pellets and sinter were operated at an ultra low slag volume. A high amount of pellets was balanced with high basicity sinter. An improved blast furnace operation is shown when operating at ultra low slag volume and without external slag formers.
Conventionally, sinter is used as the main burden in blast furnace due to its better metallurgical properties, more suitable resources, and lower production cost [3], especially in Chinese BF. Also, high proportion of pellets can be operated stably and efficiently, even if the proportion of pellets is up to [ [4], [5], [6] ].
In this work, sinter quality for improvement in gas permeability of blast furnace was investigated with reduction degradation and under-load-reduction tests. As the results, the reduction degradation of sinter is deteriorated by increasing H. 2concentration in the reduction gas under the condition of below 3.8 vol% H. 2.
The total mass of sinter and pellet is 500 g, and excess coke is 200 g. After heating up to 900 °C at a rate of 10 °C/min, ... Because the reaction of harmful elements in the furnace greatly hinders the smooth operation of the blast furnace, it may lead to many problems such as nodulation and blockage of the blast furnace. When implemented ...
The reduction degradation characteristics of typical sinter, pellet and lump ore were tested with the reducing gas conditions simulating two kinds of iron-making processes. The results show that ...
Sinter and pellets are the most common iron-containing burden for blast furnaces, the proportion of sinter and pellets exceeds 90% of the blast furnace burden, …
Compared with sinter, the pellet has the characteristics of a small and round shape making this raw material more prone to roll on the burden surface and percolate into the void between larger (coke) particles. 7 Based on the above analysis, it is necessary to study the burden distribution in the BF after increasing the pellet ratio. The burden …
The blast furnace (BF) is a counter-current gas–solid chemical reactor in which iron-bearing materials, namely iron ore, sinter and pellet and fuel mainly coke, are charged from the top of the ...
switch to all-pellet blast furnace operation. Hatch compared the merits of using both pellets and sinter as the main constituents of the blast furnace burden, focusing on blast furnace ...
in the pellet basicity from 0.10 to 0.50, the swelling index. increases from 10 to 18%, which is undesirable for blast. furnace operation. Therefore, the pellets basicity should be. restricted in ...
Pellet charging has been the tendency of blast furnace ironmaking as a promising method to strengthen the smelting and to realize lower fuel operation …
increase the pellet consumption in their blast furnace burdens, or in the extreme case switch to all-pellet blast furnace operation. Hatch compared the merits of using both pellets and sinter as ...
Results are given for analysis of agglomerate and pellet physicochemical properties. It is shown that with transfer of blast furnace smelting into an operating regime with a high proportion unfluxed pellets in a charge requires changing the main slag regime parameters, and also the furnace charging regime. It is established that due to the …
Efficient utilization of sinter return fine is an important measure to reduce cost, increase efficiency, save energy and reduce emission. A new path of green and efficient utilization of return fine was proposed to produce composite pellets. The metallurgical properties of composite pellets under the condition of hydrogen-rich blast …
The investigators6) have made the pellet with ultra-fines Micro-fines were first pelletized into 2–6 mm pellets iron oxide and subsequently used in sinter bed to get a com- called 'micro-pellets'3) and then it was mixed with the sinter posite mass of pellet and sinter mix where, acid pellets were mix which enhanced the microfines ...
In Kobe No. 3 blast furnace (third campaign) (inner volume: 1845 m(3); blown in on April 5, 1983), the use of pellets was begun as a result of suspended operation of the sintering plant in the end ...
Modern sinter plants were developed in 1906 by Arthur S. Dwight and Richard L. Lloyd, and a chain grate strand type sinter machine which was able to operate continuously had been put into operation at Birdboro, Pennsylvania, USA, in 1911 (Vegman et al. 2004).The sintering process gained popularity quickly around the 1950s as …
The cohesive zone plays an important role on the blast furnace operational performance and productivity through the dissection of blast furnace [1,2]. Many researchers have also found that the softening and melting properties of sinter, pellet and lump ore determine the shape, position and thickness of cohesive zone in blast furnace [3,4]. What ...
Pellets are unquestionably the most engineered Blast Furnace ferrous burden available. This allows the pellet maker to design pellets to meet different …
In blast furnace operations, the ferrous burden composition is always liable to change. Since both sinter and pellets come to the blast furnace from upstream units, a shutdown in any of those will affect the availability of the same, which will lead to change in the composition of the ferrous burden and subsequently blast furnace operations.
14th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering. Haoran Li, Tong Qiu, in Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2022. 2.1 Process description. The sintering process is an important thermochemical process in the blast furnace ironmaking system. It involves the heating of fine iron ore with flux and coke fines or …
The sinter of high basicity would interact with lump ores or acid pellets in the cohesive zone of blast furnace due to the difference of chemical composition and micro structures. The results of this work showed that the softening-melting properties of lump ores and acid pellet would be obviously improved by the high temperature interaction.
In the present study, the effect of increase in basicity on the physicochemical properties of pellets is investigated and an attempt is made to derive an optimum pellet basicity for desired...
Blast furnace operation is a complex phenomenon; maximising productivity requires a balance of burden characteristics. Meeting the targets of optimum sinter strength and minimum slag volume is a ...
The physicochemical behaviour of pellets, sinter and its mixture (60% pellet:40% sinter) is investigated under simulated blast …
in the pellet basicity from 0.10 to 0.50, the swelling index. increases from 10 to 18%, which is undesirable for blast. furnace operation. Therefore, the pellets basicity should be. restricted in ...
How iron ore pellet is made – the pellets manufacturing process. Iron ore pellets are a man-made iron-riched ore. The pellet production method was invented in Sweden in 1912, and then began to be used in the United States in 1946 by shaft furnace. It was originally developed primarily for the efficient use of taconite mines.
INTRODUCTION. Results of the analysis of physical-chemical properties of sinter and pellets are presented. It shows that at BF transition to operation with high proportion of acidacid pellets in furnace charge, it is necessary to change the basic parameters of the …
Pellet charging has been the tendency of blast furnace ironmaking as a promising method to strengthen the smelting and to realize lower fuel operation [1][2] [3] [4][5]. Pellet causes a uniform ...
As a promising method to strengthen the blast furnace smelting and to realize reduced fuel operation, high-proportion pellet charging has become the practice of BF ironmaking. Use of pellet gives rise to uniform bed permeability in comparison with iron ore or sinter. This leads to better gas–solid contact resulting in higher productivity at …
Results of the analysis of physical-chemical properties of sinter and pellets are presented. It shows that at BF transition to operation with high proportion of acidacid pellets in …
