A dewatering technique for phosphatic clay waste utilizes polyethylene oxide (PEO) that forms strong, stable flocs that can be dewatered on a static screen followed by further dewatering on a ...
A Review of Phosphatic Clay Dewatering Research Walter E. Pittman, Jerry T. McLendon, John W. Sweeney U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1984 - Clay wastes - 29 pages
The Bureau of Mines has tested a dewatering technique for phosphatic clay waste. The technique utilizes a flocculant, polyethylene oxide (PEO), that forms strong, stable flocs that can be dewatered on a static screen followed by further dewatering on a rotary screen or trommel. In field tests conducted in central Florida, clay wastes containing ...
Electrokinetic dewatering has been an on-going topic of research for dewatering effluent from mining operations such as phosphatic clay. Phosphatic clay is a clay-water suspension with a solids content of 2–3 wt.% that is produced as a waste stream from the beneficiation of phosphate ores.
@article{osti_5548914, title = {Dewatering of industrial clay wastes. Report of investigations/1980}, author = {Smelley, A G and Scheiner, B J and Zatko, J R}, abstractNote = {As a part of research conducted in its mission to effect pollution abatement, the Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior, is developing a dewatering …
A semi-continuous electrokinetic dewatering process, representing an intermediate step in development of a technology for continuous electrokinetic …
The daily growing demand for critical materials has further highlighted the importance of secondary sources such as industrial waste streams. Waste clay, a phosphate ore process tailing, contains a remarkable amount of critical materials such as P and REEs so that comparing to different phosphate ore process streams, waste clay presents the highest …
Abstract. As a part of research conducted to effect pollution a dewatering technique that allows for disposal of clay wastes, for reuse of water now lost with clays, and for reclamation of mined land was developed. The technique utilizes a high-molecular-weight nonionic polyethylene oxide polymer (PEO) that has the ability to flocculate and ...
The initiative has spurred the development of enhanced dewatering technologies for phosphatic clay. Electrokinetic separation of phosphatic clays is an attractive method because the clay particles are charged and move under the influence of an applied electric field. Reuss [6] reported movement of clay particles in an electrolyte …
A mathematical model is presented for the electrokinetic dewatering of suspensions of phosphatic clays. The modeling approach couples a boundary-element model for solution of Laplace's equation to a recently developed constitutive equation that relates the change in solids content with applied electric field and time. The observation …
Shang and Lo explored the dewatering of the phosphate slime by the electrokinetic technique indicating that the success of the treatment needs the study of different parameters as materials properties, and electrode configuration. Dizon and Orazem also used the electrokinetic dewatering of the phosphate clay waste. In this …
The effective use of sand tailings is also encouraged to promote further consolidation of clays via self-weight stressing, sand/clay admixtures and/or surcharging sand caps. FIPR Publication No. 02-017-021 State-of-the-Art of Phosphatic …
6-1 X-ray diffraction pattern generated from an oriented aggregate mount of a phosphatic clay sample. Peaks are identified with their associated clay or sand mineral. . . . . . . . 51 6-2 Schematic of bench-top cell with labeled locations of the electrodes and the tempera-ture and voltage measurements.
Benchtop experiments were performed, in which an electric field was used to enhance separation of water from phosphatic clay suspensions from a central Florida mine. A constitutive relationship was established that relates the increase in solids content to operating time and the applied electric field. An upper limit to the degree of separation …
2019. 10. Semi-Continuous Electrokinetic Dewatering of Phosphate Mine Tailings. Rui Kong M. Orazem. Environmental Science, Engineering. 2011. The …
Modeling of Phosphatic Clay Disposal Systems. During the past 20 years, millions of dollars in research effort have been spent to improve methods of phosphate clay dewatering and disposal. Although to date no proven large-scale system has been developed that mill result in ultimate below ground storage without the use of at least …
Waste clay, a phosphate ore process tailing, contains a remarkable amount of critical materials such as P and REEs so that comparing to different phosphate ore …
This work focuses on the dewatering of phosphatic clay waste of Egyptian Abu‐Tartur phosphate ore by flocculation using polyacrylamides to enhance the dewatering rate and recycling of the process water. The experimental program includes sieving, hydrocyclone separation and flocculation of the overflow of hydrocyclone. Results …
The estimated power demand for the dewatering of phosphatic clay and kimberlite slimes were 93 and 1.45 MW, respectively. The disparity was associated with …
A mathematical model is presented for the electrokinetic dewatering of suspensions of phosphatic clays. The modeling approach couples a boundary-element model for solution of Laplace's equation to a recently developed constitutive equation that relates the change in solids content with applied electric field and time. The observation …
A semi-continuous electrokinetic dewatering apparatus for phosphatic clay suspensions has been designed and its performance has been evaluated. A 2 ³ factorial design was applied to determine the ...
Abstract. The processing and storage of phosphatic clay suspensions (or mine tailings) which result as a waste product from phosphate mining industry represent an important economic and ...
Since its inception, the Florida Institute of Phosphate Research (FIPR) has been pursuing an economical, practical, and environmentally-sound technique for dewatering phosphatic clays. In-house research has shown that when small amounts of fibrous materials and flocculant are mixed with a phosphatic clay slurry, very rapid dewatering of the ...
6-1 X-ray diffraction pattern generated from an oriented aggregate mount of a phosphatic clay sample. Peaks are identified with their associated clay or sand mineral. . . . . . . . 51 6-2 Schematic of bench-top cell with labeled locations of the electrodes and the tempera-ture and voltage measurements.
ing technique on a variety of phosphatic clay wastes. The flow sequence for the trailer-mounted F TU is shown in figure 7. In addition to the dewatering screens, the unit in- cludes a system for making PEO solutions; holding tanks for PEO solutions, slimes, and makeup water; a stirred vessel for mixing PEO solutions with the clay waste; and
The colloidal properties of the phosphatic clay suspensions, called slimes, make them difficult to dewater and dispose of without impoundment storage aboveground. Various reagents to flocculate and dewater these plant wastes were evaluated, and a polyethylene oxide polymer was found to function in a specialized flocculation dewatering technique.
J. P. McKinney & M. E. Orazem. 18 Accesses. 7 Citations. Explore all metrics. Abstract. Benchtop experiments were performed, in which an electric field was used to …
A semi-continuous electrokinetic dewatering process, representing an intermediate step in development of a technology for continuous electrokinetic dewatering of phosphatic clay suspensions, was ...
Tests were made using a sample of phosphatic clay waste containing 4.74 percent solids to determine the effect of rotational speed of the trommel on dewatering. The trommel was inclined at 3.2° from the horizontal, and a 0.01- percent PEO solution was fed to the waste-clay at a rate of 0.75 kilogram per ton of dry clay solids.
When dispersed in an aqueous media, the clay minerals exhibit a low dewatering rate due to the formation of porous structures by inherently charged clay layers in which a large amount of water is retained (Kotlyar et al., 1998, Morris and Żbik, 2009). The Florida phosphate industry, as an example, currently produces more than 80% of …
A mathematical model was developed for continuous electrokinetic dewatering of phosphatic clay, a clay-water suspension generated as an effluent from processing of phosphate ores. The model ...
During the past 20 years, millions of dollars in research effort have been spent to improve methods of phosphate clay dewatering and disposal. Although to date no proven large-scale system has been developed that mill result in ultimate below ground storage without the use of at least temporary dams, considerable progress has been made and a variety …
The development of electrokinetic dewatering technologies for clay and soil materials has steadily advanced for over 100 years. A review of the origins, important contributions, and recent work on the topic are presented. Research into the electrokinetic mechanisms have informed the design process and resulted in prototypes and pilot-scale ...
The clay microstructures formed during electrokinetic dewatering process were then studied and compared with the results of the gravity settling experiment. The first set of electrokinetic studies was conducted in a batch cell during which pH and clay samples were determined from the vicinity of the anode and cathode electrodes.
This clay is referred to as phosphatic clay. A typical Florida phosphate mining operation pumps more than 100,000 gallons of water carrying tiny particles of clay every minute. ... settling so that a top crust that is 50-60% solids forms in 3-5 years after the start of dewatering and reclamation. Beneath the crust, however, the clay is still ...
In this report, the dewatering equation is applied to data obtained for a Polyacrylamide dewatering sequence. Fundamental similarities between the dewatering properties of clays and the viscosity of polymer solutions were observed. ... Synergism in polyethylene oxide dewatering of phosphatic clay waste. A. G. Smelley B. Scheiner. …
They include the Estech sand-clay mix process using the Enviro-Clear thickener, sand-clay sandwiching, dredge mix, dredge process, and the sand-spray process. Developing technology for dewatering phosphatic clays also is described, including the Bureau of Mines rotary trommel method and the Gardinier process.
Electrokinetic dewatering of a phosphate clay was investigated in an experimental program. The results show that the velocity of sedimentation is controlled …
A semi-continuous electrokinetic dewatering apparatus for phosphatic clay suspensions has been designed and its performance has been evaluated. A 23 factorial design was applied to determine the ...
