Apress release estimated that extracting scandium from the ash and overburdenwould require an estimated $17 million, which would include a 25% contingency.The company estimates it can produce 7,500 kilograms of scandium oxide peryear, which would yield a yearly $10.3 million at current market prices,assuming a …
In our previous study, it has been proven that the content of scandium could be enriched to about 0.04 wt% in a solid product after proper pretreatment of bauxite ore residue. The extraction of scandium from this scandium-rich material was investigated in the present study, with emphasis on both acid leaching of various components and …
The loss of scandium and titanium were 6.3% and 5.9%, respectively. Compared with the traditional extraction procedure of scandium in red mud, this method could separate titanium from scandium effectively, which is beneficial for the purification of the products and improvement of value of the metal.
The present study aimed at the scandium extraction from bauxite residue by H2SO4 and H3PO4 leaching. The use of H2O2 was evaluated to avoid silica gel formation. The effect of time, temperature ...
AL with reduction pre-treatment obtained higher recoveries of nickel, cobalt, and scandium than the AL without reduction pre-treatment, consequently validating the feasibility of the process treatment. Significant improvement in the extraction of key metals may be observed once optimization experiments are conducted.
We retrieved the literature records in Web of science with the keywords "scandium", "separation" and "extraction", and performed the data analysis of the relevant articles (Fig. 1).The annual published articles increased from 1967 to 2022 (Fig. 1 (c)).In the keyword word frequency heat map (Fig. 1 (a)) and its co-occurrence relationship …
This paper mainly studies the technology of scandium extraction from concentrate. The recovery of scandium elements from tailings has been studied. Red mud is a scandium resource. Through the combined process of sulfur roasting–water leaching, the leaching rate of scandium can reach 91.98%. The bauxite residue is directly leached …
The red mud leaching solution containing scandium in this study was derived from environmentally friendly ammonium sulfate roasting and water leaching process. A synergistic extraction with a mixture of di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate acid (D2EHPA) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) for recovery of scandium from red mud …
The solvent extraction of scandium by the mixture of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) has been investigated in the acidic leaching solution of vanadium slag. Thermodynamic analysis of the species distribution diagrams on the Sc-S-H2O system showed that scandium mainly exists as Sc3+ and …
A systematic study on extraction and separation of scandium using phosphinic acid by both solvent extraction and hollow fibre membrane. P. C. Rout. & K. …
The recovery of scandium (Sc) from wastes and various resources using solvent extraction (SX) was discussed in detail. Moreover, the metallurgical extractive procedures for Sc recovery were presented.
A systematic study was carried out using a fractional factorial design methodology to investigate the quantitative effect of four variables. Utilizing the results, an empirical model was built to optimize the process for maximizing scandium concentration. Under the optimum conditions, scandium was successfully concentrated in the slag …
A novel process of roasting and leaching was proposed to extract scandium from scandium concentrate with titanium dioxide wastewater. Scandium concentrate …
NYNGAN SCANDIUM PROJECT DEFINITIVE FEASIBILITY STUDY NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 43-101 TECHNICAL REPORT . 3185-000-GEREP-0001 . Table of Contents . Page . 318516.043185-000-GEREP-0001_0 May 2016 . 6.0 HISTORY 6.1 6.1 Origins of the Name 'Gilgai' 6.1 6.2 Past Exploration and Development 6.1 7.0 GEOLOGICAL …
Also, by performing a special study on the extraction of scandium from leach solution of secondary neutralization process underflow material, which is a part of lateritic nickel-cobalt leaching process, the extraction behaviors of scandium for different resins were examined in detail. As a result of conducted study, Lewatit TP 260 resin, …
With growing demand for renewable and clean energy technologies, the need in rare earth metals is increasing. Scandium, which is often considered a rare earth element (REE), is a critical metal mainly used in solid oxide fuel …
PDF | A method for separation of scandium and preparation of scandium oxide using hollow fibre supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) was described. …
This study investigated the extraction of scandium from bauxite residue obtained from an alumina refinery in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, through High-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL) in a sulfuric acid solution. HPAL process offers a high extraction level of scandium and a quick process. In addition, it can reduce the dissolution of silica, …
Download Citation | IR spectroscopic study of scandium extraction from sulfuric acid by solid-phase extractants based on tributyl phosphate, Di-2 ethylhexylphosphoric acid, dibenzo-18-crown-6, and ...
In this study, a scandium concentrate with Sc2O3 content of 66.24 g/t was obtained from V-Ti magnetite tailings by physical concentration, and the main Sc-bearing minerals were augite and hornblende. A novel process of roasting and leaching was proposed to extract scandium from scandium concentrate with titanium dioxide …
Moreover, studies of scandium extraction from uranium, titanium, iron, tungsten, thorium, and apatite, for instance, indicate that there is a great interest in these resources or wastes to supply the metal market. Download : Download high-res image (129KB) Download : Download full-size image; Fig. 4.
The scandium can be recovered from red mud by direct acid leaching but the extraction yields are generally low, and the leaching efficiency of iron and silicon is higher. Therefore, the highly ...
The present review considers scandium extraction from three different sources - primary, secondary and opportunities – focusing on clean technologies and …
The comparative leaching study inferred that the concentrated acid was desirable for higher extraction, while sulfuric acid provides better titanium dissolution efficiency. ... Approximately 90% scandium extraction at ~75% titanium extraction suggests that the scandium values must be associated as isomorphous substitution ions …
During scandium solvent extraction study the. temperature (25 °C) of the solution (s) was kept constant. 2.4. General equations. As per the reported investigations the Sc(III) extraction with either.
Scandium solvent extraction with 10% P204–5% TBP- 85% sulfonated kerosene was performed on the clarified Sc leach liquor. The effects of the A/O ratio, temperature, and contact time were studied. ... Study on leaching technology of extracting scandium from red mud and titanium white waste liquid. Min. Metall., 24 (5) (2015), pp. …
Many efforts had been done by researchers in the past 30 years. In this review, we summarizes the typical methods of extracting scandium including …
In this comparative study, the promising route of crystallization for highest and most selective Sc leaching was explained and proved on the basis of solubility of two scandium-ammonium sulfates to produce high-purity Sc 2 O 3, as enclosed in Fig. 1 by the red dashed line. By varying the content of ammonium salts and acidity in the solutions ...
The extraction of Sc by acid leaching with CaF 2 and solvent extraction with P507 from red mud was proposed. The influence of acid leaching and solvent extraction on recovery of Sc was investigated. The CaF 2 can obviously improve the leaching efficiency of Sc and reduce the acid consumption. The leaching efficiency of Sc …
The present study aimed to extract scandium from the bauxite residue of a Brazilian process towards a circular economy. For this, the acid extraction using H 2 SO …
For scandium extraction from C272, a recovery rate between 90% and 99% was achieved when 300–400 g/L sulfuric acid was used, while the corresponding from P204 and Ionquest 801 was more difficult. ... In another study, the selective extraction of scandium from the Greek RM was studied by Ochsenkühn et al. . The flow chart of the …
Despite the studies in the literature about scandium extraction from bauxite residue, there is a lack of investigation about suppressing the synthesis of silica gel in the acid reaction. The present study aimed at the scandium extraction from bauxite residue by H2SO4 and H3PO4 leaching. The use of H2O2 was evaluated to avoid silica …
Review on the occurrence state of scandium in Panzhihua vanadium titano- magnetite showed as Mg-Fe isomorphism, rich reserves and the recovery of considerable potential value. Taking tailings, waste residue and waste liquid as the main recycled subject, summarized the main technology of Extracting Scandium by roasting leaching …
Extraction of Scandium from Lateritic Nickel-Cobalt Ore Leach Solution by Ion Exchange: A Special Study and Literature Review on Previous Works January 2018 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_201
During scandium solvent extraction study the temperature (25 °C) of the solution (s) was kept constant. 2.4. General equations. As per the reported investigations the Sc(III) extraction with either of the phosphoric acid derivatives is governed by cation exchange mechanism at low acidity and solvation mechanism at high acidity [24], [25], …
Abstract. The technologies of solvent extraction, ion exchange, and liquid membrane for the separation and purification of scandium are reviewed. Acidic and …
The objective of this study is determining the extraction possibility of scandium from the leach solution of lateritic nickel-cobalt ore by ion exchange chromatography using various resins. View ...
In this study, scandium extraction from Halmahera limonite ore by high pressure acid leaching (HPAL) in sulfuric acid solution is discussed. The experimental design was performed by using the Taguchi orthogonal array L9 (3 4) method. Series of HPAL experiments were carried out by varying the dosage of sulfuric acid (250, 300 and …
The maximum extraction of the scandium was around 76.5 % at pH=0.2. Experimental design based on response surface methodology was used for obtained values optimization.
Carbon chloride method was demonstrated to be effective for extracting scandium from Bayan Obo tailings (Bao et al., 2015). However, formation of poisonous chlorine severely restricts the popularization and application of this process. ... This study provides important theoretical support for the synergistic solidification of multiple heavy ...
